With the development of electric power construction, the scale of power grid is constantly expanding, and more and more power grid construction and equipment maintenance work are carried out under complex terrain conditions. The patrol inspection and maintenance of transmission lines are increasingly characterized by large dispersion, long distance and high difficulty. Therefore, intelligent remote monitoring of transmission line, surrounding environment and meteorological parameters has become an important work in smart grid transformation. The transmission line online monitoring system is an important part of the smart grid transmission link, and an important technical means to realize the transmission line status operation, maintenance management, and improve the lean level of production and operation management.

The "transmission line online monitoring device" mainly aims at the man-made external force of high-voltage transmission and transformation lines to destroy tower foundations, cross high-speed railways, expressways, important transmission channel sections, severe ice disaster weather, large crossings, tower cranes at construction sites, vehicles and other equipment to cross urban overhead lines, press lines with tall trees growing in forest areas, remote mountain areas, difficulties in manual line patrol in forest areas, digging sand and stones around tower foundations The system designed by digging earth to destroy the foundation of tower foundation. The "transmission line online monitoring device" uses solar energy+battery power supply to monitor transmission line channels, micrometeorology, tower tilt, icing, conductor temperature, sag and other line conditions through wireless public network, WIFI, OPGW optical fiber, wireless bridge and other communication methods and transmit them to the monitoring center. In the monitoring center, you can not only see on-site images, but also conduct real-time analysis and diagnosis on various collected data, Predict the operation state of the line, take appropriate measures to eliminate and mitigate the danger, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the transmission line.

1、 Transmission line monitoring system

Electronic measurement, wireless communication, solar energy new energy technology and software technology of the online monitoring system for transmission line status realize real-time online monitoring of conductor icing, conductor temperature measurement, conductor sag, conductor galloping, tower tilt, tower geological disasters, mountain fire, environmental meteorology, image video, lightning point monitoring and other conditions to prevent the occurrence of major accidents and disasters of power lines. The system adopts modular design, which can be used independently or combined freely.

2、 On line video monitoring of transmission lines

Transmission line patrol inspection and maintenance are characterized by large dispersion, long distance and high difficulty, so a simple and effective monitoring and monitoring means is urgently needed to monitor the surrounding conditions and environmental parameters of transmission lines in a multi objective, all-weather manner, so that transmission lines can operate in a visual and controllable manner. The transmission line image and video monitoring system adopts advanced digital video compression technology, long-distance GPRS/3G/4G/5G wireless communication technology, new energy and low power consumption application technology, software technology and network technology to compress and group the images and meteorological information of the power tower and conductor site to the monitoring center through GPRS/3G/4G/5G and other wireless networks, so as to achieve all-weather monitoring of the surrounding environment and environmental parameters of the transmission line, The line management personnel can also see the tower site information in the central monitoring room, eliminate the accident in the hidden danger state, greatly improve the safe operation level of the line, and provide a new idea for the inspection and condition based maintenance of the transmission line. At the same time, it greatly saves the manpower and material resources of on-site human patrol inspection.

3、 On line monitoring of transmission line tower inclination

The geological and meteorological environment of the transmission line corridor is complex. In recent years, the power accidents caused by the tilt and collapse of line towers are on the rise. The main causes of tower tilt are as follows: (1) long-term directional wind dance causes uneven force on the tower; (2) Natural geological disasters; (3) Construction of buildings around the tower; (4) The tower body is abnormal and the conductor is broken; (5) Conductor and ground wire are covered with ice; (6) Guys and tower materials are stolen; (7) Subsidence and slip in coal mining and mining areas.

Tower inclination generally develops slowly, and most accidents can be prevented in advance. The online monitoring of transmission line tower tilt measures the tilt angle of tower and stay wire, and sends the measurement results to the receiving center through China Mobile/Unicom GPRS/3G/4G network. The central software can timely display the tilt status of the tower, and display the tilt trend and tilt speed of the tower. When the tilt angle reaches a certain value, alarm information will be sent by SMS, interface, siren, etc. to prevent accidents.

3、 On line monitoring of transmission line micrometeorology

Transmission lines with complex terrain are often hundreds of kilometers or even hundreds of kilometers away, with vertical and horizontal mountains, great elevation difference, significant meteorological changes, and prominent microclimate characteristics. The observation records of adjacent meteorological stations cannot meet the design and maintenance requirements of lines in micro terrain sections. Inadequate understanding of microtopography and micrometeorology, as well as insufficient understanding of meteorological data in local special sections of high mountains such as tuyeres, canyons and watersheds along the line, are the main reasons for frequent tower collapse and disconnection accidents of 750, 500 (330, 220, 110) kV trunk lines in China in recent years. The micro meteorological monitoring system mainly monitors the environmental temperature, humidity, wind direction and other meteorological parameters in the power channel. After a large amount of data accumulation, the collected meteorological parameters can be used to provide a basis for line planning and design, as well as a reference for line maintenance and repair.